Which two federal laws most directly govern how districts evaluate and serve students with disabilities, and how do they interact with Illinois regulations?

• A. ADA and IDEA
• B. NCLB and IDEA
• C. FERPA and IDEA
• D. IDEA and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act

Answer: (D)

The key idea is that evaluating and serving students with disabilities in public schools is guided most directly by IDEA and Section 504. IDEA lays out the specific procedures for deciding eligibility, conducting evaluations, and creating an individualized education program (IEP) that provides specialized instruction and services. Section 504 prevents discrimination against students with disabilities and requires an appropriate, equally effective education through accommodations and supports, even for students who don’t qualify for an IEP.

In Illinois, state regulations are designed to implement both frameworks, so districts follow IDEA’s evaluation and IEP requirements for eligible students and provide 504 plans and accommodations for those protected under Section 504. The two laws work in tandem: IDEA ensures specialized instruction and measurable services for those who qualify, while Section 504 ensures access and non-discrimination for all students with disabilities, with state rules harmonizing the federal requirements into district practice.